In documents called judicial opinions, judges explain the reasoning behind their legal rulings, and in those explanations they sometimes cite and discuss historical and contemporary philosophers. Legal scholar and philosopher Anita L. Allen argues that while judges are naturally inclined to mention philosophers whose views align with their own positions, the strongest judicial opinions consider and rebut potential objections; discussing philosophers whose views conflict with judges’ views could therefore _______ Which choice most logically completes the text?
4753 items match
Open
Although military veterans make up a small proportion of the total population of the United States, they occupy a significantly higher proportion of the jobs in the civilian government. One possible explanation for this disproportionate representation is that military service familiarizes people with certain organizational structures that are also reflected in the civilian government bureaucracy, and this familiarity thus _______ Which choice most logically completes the text?
A member of the Cherokee Nation, Mary Golda Ross is renowned for her contributions to NASA’s Planetary Flight Handbook, which _______detailed mathematical guidance for missions to Mars and Venus. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
., ________ One challenge of generating electricity from ocean waves is that wave power isn’t _______: it varies in unpredictable ways that pose technological and planning problems for electricity generation. Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
The classic children’s board game Chutes and Ladders is a version of an ancient Nepalese game, Paramapada Sopanapata.In both games, players encounter “good” or “bad” spaces while traveling along a path; landing on one of the good spaces _______a player to skip ahead and arrive closer to the end goal. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
In 1930, Japanese American artist Chiura Obata depicted the natural beauty of Yosemite National Park in two memorable woodcuts: Evening at Carl Innand Lake Basin in the High Sierra. In 2019, _______exhibited alongside 150 of Obata’s other works in a single-artist show at the Smithsonian American Art Museum. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Journalists have dubbed Gil Scott-Heron the “godfather of rap,” a title that has appeared in hundreds of articles about him since the 1990s. Scott- Heron himself resisted the godfather _______feeling that it didn’t encapsulate his devotion to the broader African American blues music tradition as well as “bluesologist,” the moniker he preferred. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Stomata, tiny pore structures in a leaf that absorb gases needed for plant growth, open when guard cells surrounding each pore swell with water. In a pivotal 2007 article, plant cell _______showed that lipid molecules called phosphatidylinositol phosphates are responsible for signaling guard cells to open stomata. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
As cheesemaking practices spread throughout Europe and Asia during and after the Neolithic, divergent strategies for preserving milk _______ whereas rennet-coagulated cheesemaking became key to milk preservation in Europe and Southwest Asia, acid-heat coagulation methods became common among nomadic herding populations of the northeastern Eurasian steppe. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Recent pollen analyses of the Aran Islands have led some researchers to propose that the now treeless islands were once wooded. This hypothesis _______ that certain trees, such as P. sylvestris, survived without interruption or human intervention throughout the Holocene cannot stand, researchers Michael O’Connell and Karen Molloy counter, unless other explanations can first be ruled out. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Researchers studying the “terra-cotta army,” the thousands of life-size statues of warriors found interred near the tomb of Emperor Qin Shi Huang of China, were shocked to realize that the shape of each statue’s ears, like the shape of each person’s ears, _______unique. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s 2013 novel Americanahchronicles the divergent experiences of Ifemelu and Obinze, a young Nigerian couple, after high school. Ifemelu moves to the United States to attend a prestigious university. ______ Obinze travels to London, hoping to start a career there. However, frustrated with the lack of opportunities, he soon returns to Nigeria. Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?
Some members of the US Supreme Court have resisted calls to televise the court’s oral arguments, concerned that the participants would be tempted to perform for the cameras (and thus lower the quality of the discourse). _______the justices worry that most viewers would not even watch the full deliberations, only short clips that could be misinterpreted and mischaracterized. Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?
The more diverse and wide ranging an animal’s behaviors, the larger and more energy demanding the animal’s brain tends to be. ______ from an evolutionary perspective, animals that perform only basic actions should allocate fewer resources to growing and maintaining brain tissue. The specialized subtypes of ants within colonies provide an opportunity to explore this hypothesis. Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?
Due to their often strange images, highly experimental syntax, and opaque subject matter, many of John Ashbery’s poems can be quite difficult to ______ and thus are the object of heated debate among scholars. Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
A firefly uses specialized muscles to draw oxygen into its lower abdomen through narrow tubes, triggering a chemical reaction whereby the oxygen combines with chemicals in the firefly’s abdomen to produce a glow. _______when the firefly stops drawing in oxygen, the reaction—and the glow—cease. Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?
While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes: • NASA uses rovers, large remote vehicles with wheels, to explore the surface of Mars. • NASA’s rovers can’t explore regions inaccessible to wheeled vehicles. • Rovers are also heavy, making them difficult to land on the planet’s surface. • Microprobes, robotic probes that weigh as little as 50 milligrams, could be deployed virtually anywhere on the surface of Mars. • Microprobes have been proposed as an alternative to rovers. The student wants to explain an advantage of microprobes. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?
While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes: • Severo Ochoa discovered the enzyme PNPase in 1955. • PNPase is involved in both the creation and degradation of mRNA. • Ochoa incorrectly hypothesized that PNPase provides the genetic blueprints for mRNA. • The discovery of PNPase proved critical to deciphering the human genetic code. • Deciphering the genetic code has led to a better understanding of how genetic variations affect human health. The student wants to emphasize the significance of Ochoa’s discovery. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?
While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes: • Cecilia Vicuña is a multidisciplinary artist. • In 1971, her first solo art exhibition, Pinturas, poemas y explicaciones,was shown at the Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes in Santiago, Chile. • Her poetry collection Precario/Precariouswas published in 1983 by Tanam Press. • Her poetry collection Instanwas published in 2002 by Kelsey St. Press. • She lives part time in Chile, where she was born, and part time in New York. The student wants to introduce the artist’s 1983 poetry collection. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?
Diego Velázquez was the leading artist in the court of King Philip IV of Spain during the seventeenth century, but his influence was hardly _______Spain: realist and impressionist painters around the world employed his techniques and echoed elements of his style. Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
Although science fiction was dominated mostly by white male authors when Octavia Butler, a Black woman, began writing, she did not view the genre as _______: Butler broke into the field with the publication of several short stories and her 1976 novel Patternmaster, and she later became the first science fiction writer to win a prestigious MacArthur Fellowship. Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
The following text is adapted from Cynthia Kadohata’s 2004 novel Kira-Kira. Katsuhisa] was as loud as my father was quiet. Even when he wasn’t talking, he made a lot [Uncle/(of noise,) clearing his throat and sniffing and tapping his fingers. ©2004 by Cynthia Kadohata Which choice best describes the function of the underlined sentence?
Wakako Yamauchi is best known for And the Soul Shall Dance, her 1977 play about a Japanese American family in Southern California. The play is based on a short story Yamauchi had published three years earlier. Adapting the story wasn’t easy. Theater relies on dialogue between characters, but the original story features little dialogue describes its characters’ silent thoughts. To transform the story into a play, Yamauchi created (and instead)/situations where characters reveal their thoughts by speaking them aloud during conversations with each other. Which choice best describes the function of the underlined sentence in the text as a whole?
In response to concerns that some recent financial crises were exacerbated by consumers misunderstanding risks associated with credit cards, loans, and other financial products, policymakers in many countries have instituted risk-disclosure requirements on sellers of those products. Enrique Seira et al. investigated a variety of risk-disclosure messages sent to thousands of credit card customers and found that the messages had only small and short-lived effects on behavior. Seira et al. asserted worth pursuing, given the negligible cost of messaging. (that such effects may nevertheless be)/(Which choice best describes the function) of the underlined portion in the text as a whole?
Text 1 When companies in the same industry propose merging with one another, they often claim that the merger will benefit consumers by increasing efficiency and therefore lowering prices. Economist Ying Fan investigated this notion in the context of the United States newspaper market. She modeled a hypothetical merger of Minneapolis-area newspapers and found that subscription prices would rise following a merger. Text 2 Economists Dario Focarelli and Fabio Panetta have argued that research on the effect of mergers on prices has focused excessively on short-term effects, which tend to be adverse for consumers. Using the case of consumer banking in Italy, they show that over the long term (several years, in their study), the efficiency gains realized by merged companies do result in economic benefits for consumers. Based on the texts, how would Focarelli and Panetta (Text 2) most likely respond to Fan’s findings (Text 1)?